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BioMan Biology
United States
Приєднався 15 січ 2020
BioMan Biology has videos and animations to help you learn biology in a fun way! This UA-cam channel is an extension of the BioMan Biology learning games and simulations website biomanbio.com, which is completely free to use! I hope that you enjoy the videos and learning experiences of BioMan Biology!
Muscle Contraction Explained!
Play the interactive that goes with this animation: biomanbio.com/HTML5GamesandLabs/Physiologygames/muscle_contractionpage.html
or here for the ad-free version: biomanbio.com/membersite/Gamepages/Physiologygames/muscle_contraction_interactivepage.html
Video Transcript: Skeletal muscles… Without them, you wouldn’t be able to move around. Muscles provide the force that is needed to pull on your bones to allow for all of the body movements that we can do. They do this by contracting. When a muscle contracts, it gets shorter and pulls on bones to create movements of the skeleton. But, how do they contract? What’s really going on? Let’s find out!
Muscle Structure:
First, we should understand some basics of muscle structure. A muscle is made up of bundles of muscle fibers surrounded by connective tissue. Each muscle fiber is actually a single long cylindrical cell that has lots of nuclei and mitochondria. Inside of each muscle fiber, we have many smaller myofibrils. Each myofibril is divided into sections called sarcomeres. These are made largely of two proteins that allow muscles to contract, actin and myosin.
Muscle Contraction
So how does this structure of a muscle allow for the muscle to contract? To find out, let’s zoom in on a sarcomere and see what’s going on. The way that muscles contract is by shortening the sarcomeres that make up each myofibril. You can see that this is accomplished when myosin heads pull on actin filaments. Now, let’s examine how this happens in more detail.
When you decide in your brain that you want to move a muscle, you send nerve impulses that trigger the muscle to contract. When the impulse reaches a muscle fiber, this triggers the release of calcium ions by the sarcoplasmic reticulum (a specialized form of ER found in muscle cells). This calcium attaches or binds to a protein complex called troponin. This causes troponin to change shape and move another protein, tropomyosin, so that it no longer blocks the myosin-binding sites on actin. Now that these myosin-binding sites are open, myosin heads can bind to actin. This attachment of myosin to actin is called a cross-bridge.
But, in order to power muscle contraction, energy is obviously needed. This energy comes in the form of ATP. ATP binds to myosin and breaks the cross-bridge connecting it to actin. Then, ATP is broken down into ADP and phosphate. This breakdown releases energy that “powers up” (add power up sound) the myosin head, causing it to change its position to a “high-energy” configuration and reattach to actin. This position of the myosin head makes it like a spring or loaded catapult. It has potential energy stored up. So, when the ADP and phosphate are released, the myosin head snaps back to its original, low energy configuration, pulling on actin as it does so. So the actin slides and shortens the sarcomere. After this, ATP again attaches to myosin, breaking the cross-bridge and allowing the process to start over. As this cycle continues, the muscle continues to contract.
When you decide to stop contracting your muscle, you stop sending nerve impulses, so calcium stops being released. Without calcium ions, troponin changes shape and causes tropomyosin to cover the myosin-binding sites again. Now, myosin heads can no longer bind to actin, so actin slides back to its original position, the sarcomeres lengthen, and the muscle relaxes.
Because actin filaments are sliding past myosin in this model of muscle contraction, it is often called the sliding filament model of muscle contraction.
That’s probably a lot to take in! I’d recommend trying the muscle contraction game linked in the description to practice what you just learned! And don’t forget, there are many more learning games and experiences to be had on the BioMan Biology website: biomanbio.com.
Credits:
Video by Marc Espejo: www.pexels.com/video/front-flip-of-man-on-street-11805401/
Video by Mary Taylor: www.pexels.com/video/a-man-doing-a-backflip-from-a-swing-6002473/
Video by Леха Квачёв: www.pexels.com/video/a-man-doing-a-flip-4273159/
Video by cottonbro studio: www.pexels.com/video/skateboarders-in-a-skate-park-5039428/
Video by Tima Miroshnichenko: www.pexels.com/video/man-doing-arm-workout-at-gym-5319426/
Image by brgfx on Freepik
Image by brgfx on Freepik
Sound Effect from Pixabay
or here for the ad-free version: biomanbio.com/membersite/Gamepages/Physiologygames/muscle_contraction_interactivepage.html
Video Transcript: Skeletal muscles… Without them, you wouldn’t be able to move around. Muscles provide the force that is needed to pull on your bones to allow for all of the body movements that we can do. They do this by contracting. When a muscle contracts, it gets shorter and pulls on bones to create movements of the skeleton. But, how do they contract? What’s really going on? Let’s find out!
Muscle Structure:
First, we should understand some basics of muscle structure. A muscle is made up of bundles of muscle fibers surrounded by connective tissue. Each muscle fiber is actually a single long cylindrical cell that has lots of nuclei and mitochondria. Inside of each muscle fiber, we have many smaller myofibrils. Each myofibril is divided into sections called sarcomeres. These are made largely of two proteins that allow muscles to contract, actin and myosin.
Muscle Contraction
So how does this structure of a muscle allow for the muscle to contract? To find out, let’s zoom in on a sarcomere and see what’s going on. The way that muscles contract is by shortening the sarcomeres that make up each myofibril. You can see that this is accomplished when myosin heads pull on actin filaments. Now, let’s examine how this happens in more detail.
When you decide in your brain that you want to move a muscle, you send nerve impulses that trigger the muscle to contract. When the impulse reaches a muscle fiber, this triggers the release of calcium ions by the sarcoplasmic reticulum (a specialized form of ER found in muscle cells). This calcium attaches or binds to a protein complex called troponin. This causes troponin to change shape and move another protein, tropomyosin, so that it no longer blocks the myosin-binding sites on actin. Now that these myosin-binding sites are open, myosin heads can bind to actin. This attachment of myosin to actin is called a cross-bridge.
But, in order to power muscle contraction, energy is obviously needed. This energy comes in the form of ATP. ATP binds to myosin and breaks the cross-bridge connecting it to actin. Then, ATP is broken down into ADP and phosphate. This breakdown releases energy that “powers up” (add power up sound) the myosin head, causing it to change its position to a “high-energy” configuration and reattach to actin. This position of the myosin head makes it like a spring or loaded catapult. It has potential energy stored up. So, when the ADP and phosphate are released, the myosin head snaps back to its original, low energy configuration, pulling on actin as it does so. So the actin slides and shortens the sarcomere. After this, ATP again attaches to myosin, breaking the cross-bridge and allowing the process to start over. As this cycle continues, the muscle continues to contract.
When you decide to stop contracting your muscle, you stop sending nerve impulses, so calcium stops being released. Without calcium ions, troponin changes shape and causes tropomyosin to cover the myosin-binding sites again. Now, myosin heads can no longer bind to actin, so actin slides back to its original position, the sarcomeres lengthen, and the muscle relaxes.
Because actin filaments are sliding past myosin in this model of muscle contraction, it is often called the sliding filament model of muscle contraction.
That’s probably a lot to take in! I’d recommend trying the muscle contraction game linked in the description to practice what you just learned! And don’t forget, there are many more learning games and experiences to be had on the BioMan Biology website: biomanbio.com.
Credits:
Video by Marc Espejo: www.pexels.com/video/front-flip-of-man-on-street-11805401/
Video by Mary Taylor: www.pexels.com/video/a-man-doing-a-backflip-from-a-swing-6002473/
Video by Леха Квачёв: www.pexels.com/video/a-man-doing-a-flip-4273159/
Video by cottonbro studio: www.pexels.com/video/skateboarders-in-a-skate-park-5039428/
Video by Tima Miroshnichenko: www.pexels.com/video/man-doing-arm-workout-at-gym-5319426/
Image by brgfx on Freepik
Image by brgfx on Freepik
Sound Effect from Pixabay
Переглядів: 495
Відео
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please make videos on the circulatory system, your videos are so easy to understand they make me pass.
Greatly explained
Thanks!
This clearest overview of the process, do you have a vid on this more tailored to Undergraduate/Postgrad level?
I love you so so much I grinded making 8 pages of notes and this put it allll together in such a good amount of time with detail
Hello i really found this video helpful is there any chance you could do the phosphorus cycle as well please 😁
Can you share where you purchased the u-tube apparatus? I have not been able to find it anywhere and think it would be really useful for some simple experiments.
Thanks ❤ Your video is recommended from our teacher❤
Cool, I hope it was helpful! Thanks!
I have my o level bio exam. I didn't even study. Bro i am going to fail or get a C or D grade.
Thanks it helped a lot 👍🏻
make one for the phosphorus cycle pls ! :D
Good idea! I hope to do so eventually!
I saw many videos for this lecture but this video make my concept 100% clear thanks sir you deserve million of subscribers ❤❤
Thanks, I'm glad you found it helpful!
tq so much
You're welcome!
Great
Thanks!
Best video i love it ❤❤❤
Thanks, I'm glad to hear that!
The best explanation bt pls avoid music in background
Thanks for the feedback. I have minimal music in my newer videos.
0:54 - 1:25 : "Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a semi-permeable or selectively permeable membrane, such as the plasma membrane that surrounds cells. During osmosis, water diffuses down its concentration gradient, from higher to lower water concentration. Just like other molecules or ions. You can also say that water moves from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. Sometimes this confuses people, but if you think about it it makes sense." It's purely magnificent as a definition of osmosis, because in French the definition of osmosis seems to make water pass as a molecule which does the opposite of diffusion (the opposite movement) but now I understand well that this is not the case, it is just that one of the definitions of osmosis (surely the most common) describes the movement of water in relation to solutes! Thank you very much and infinitely! 🙏🏽
I'm glad you found the explanation helpful! Thanks for your comment!
Really a great teacher you are. Your teaching method are outstanding ❤. In few days I have exam and it helps me alot. Lots of love from Pakistan ❤
Thanks, I'm glad you enjoyed it! Best wishes on your exam!
Loved the video.
Thanks, I'm glad to hear that!
Isn't number of squids a controlled variable?
Yes, that could be another controlled variable. There are many.
do you have a video on c4 cycle?
Not currently, but perhaps someday!
Literally watched so many videos but none of them made sense. This one however, was simple and easy to understand. Appreciate it a lot, especially cause I have exams next week. The added humor also was definitely my cup of tea!
I'm glad to hear that you enjoyed the video and that it was helpful! Thanks for your comment and good luck on your exams!
But it's wrong , because the lower concentration have higher solute or lower solvent and higher concentration have higher solvent and lower solute , so means the sugar solution in lower concentration have a higher solute(sugar content). U confuse me
Since you mentioned solutes and solvents, I think you might be mixing up active transport (the topic of this video) and osmosis. Here's a video on osmosis that might help: ua-cam.com/video/BDDqY7IZhxQ/v-deo.htmlsi=cIOe3jt7O7KO-UKn
thank you
You're welcome!
Thanks for explanation its really help me a lott ❤
I'm glad to hear that! Thanks for your comment!
these videos have been so instrumental in helping me understand respiration! you did a really great job (way better than my biology PROFESSOR). The website too has also solidified my understanding. Thank you so much and keep up the great work
Thanks! I'm happy that you have enjoyed the videos and games, and that they have helped you understand biology better! Thanks for your comment!
Thank you❤
You're welcome!
Tomorrow is my biology exam so i found this 😅
Best of luck on your exam!
didn't get it until I watched this video. Great explanation!
Thanks, I'm glad it was helpful!
Brilianty explained, auto subs!
Thanks, I'm glad you enjoyed it!
thank you so much for making my concepts crystal clear ❤ you deserve millions of subscriptions❤
Thanks for your comment! I'm glad the videos are clear and helpful to you!
Thant u from the deepest spot in my heart ❤
You're welcome! I'm glad you enjoyed it!
Good, this video is actually helpful.. It make me understanding all about it.. Btw I m in 8th class studying microorganisms freind or foe and it make me understood 9th class science... Thnkz
Thank you so much this video litterly was the best pick for my song play my song is bio man is strong he is the man of biology it was a bit but i got a high a grade thx
I'm glad you enjoyed it!
It really helped me a lot . Thanks a bunch 👍 😊
I'm glad to hear that! Thanks for your comment!
Thank you for the great explanation!
Thanks, I'm glad you enjoyed it!
Thank you for your great explanation and for making a complex concept understandable.
Thanks for your comment! I appreciate it!
This is the best video on this topic! Love it
Thanks, I'm glad you enjoyed it!
Awesome video.
Thanks, I'm glad you liked it!
You explained really well.. its was so difficult to understand from books
Thanks for your comment! I'm glad you found it helpful!
Thanks a lot ❤️🙂
You're welcome!
0:58 From where did those 3 hydrogen ions come ? I don't understand. Also , why in my book , it is written NADH+H+ ? Can't we just write it as NADH ?
There are many hydrogen ions naturally present in the fluid environment of the mitochondria. In addition, hydrogen ions are produced in the matrix every time NADH gets oxidized, and hydrogen ions are flowing back into the matrix all the time through ATP synthase. You can write NADH either way. The reason the H+ is often added is because the chemical reaction that makes NADH also results in the formation of an H+. I hope that helps!
@@BioManBiology Thankyou !! Now I get it
The earth is finite the universe is finite.
As an 9 th grader i can say u explained extremely well ❤❤
Thanks, I'm glad you found the explanation clear!
What is the “red molecule” actually called?
It's called ubiquinone or coenzyme Q
thank you so much,you are successful to tech in the best way ,thanks brother
You're welcome, I'm glad it was helpful! Thanks for your comment!
what is this red molecule?
It is called ubiquinone (or coenzyme Q).
What is this red molecule that is being referred to?
It is called ubiquinone (or coenzyme Q).
Thank you soo much bro.. Thank you so much... It made my life easy.. I have test tomorrow.. Wish me luck😢🎉🎉
You're welcome! I'm glad you found the video helpful and good luck on your test!
Any indian is here..... 😂😂😂😂😂